100 MCQ Questions and Answers on Human Society

76. What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth’s average temperature due to human activities?
    a) Global warming
    b) Ozone depletion
    c) Acid rain
    d) Desertification
    Answer: a) Global warming

77. Which of the following is a major cause of soil degradation?
    a) Crop rotation
    b) Overgrazing
    c) Afforestation
    d) Organic farming
    Answer: b) Overgrazing

78. What is the term for the process of planting trees in deforested areas?
    a) Deforestation
    b) Afforestation
    c) Desertification
    d) Urbanization
    Answer: b) Afforestation

79. Which of the following is a major cause of marine pollution?
    a) Planting mangroves
    b) Oil spills
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Oil spills

80. What is the term for the process of converting waste materials into reusable materials?
    a) Recycling
    b) Incineration
    c) Landfilling
    d) Composting
    Answer: a) Recycling

81. Which of the following is a major cause of noise pollution?
    a) Planting trees
    b) Industrial activities
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Industrial activities

82. What is the term for the process of converting organic waste into nutrient-rich compost?
    a) Recycling
    b) Incineration
    c) Landfilling
    d) Composting
    Answer: d) Composting

83. Which of the following is a major cause of habitat destruction?
    a) Urbanization
    b) Planting trees
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: a) Urbanization

84. What is the term for the process of converting sunlight into electricity?
    a) Hydropower
    b) Wind energy
    c) Solar energy
    d) Geothermal energy
    Answer: c) Solar energy

85. Which of the following is a major cause of water scarcity?
    a) Overuse of groundwater
    b) Planting trees
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: a) Overuse of groundwater

86. What is the term for the process of generating electricity using wind turbines?
    a) Hydropower
    b) Wind energy
    c) Solar energy
    d) Geothermal energy
    Answer: b) Wind energy

87. Which of the following is a major cause of air pollution in urban areas?
    a) Planting trees
    b) Vehicle emissions
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Vehicle emissions

88. What is the term for the process of generating electricity using water?
    a) Hydropower
    b) Wind energy
    c) Solar energy
    d) Geothermal energy
    Answer: a) Hydropower

89. Which of the following is a major cause of plastic pollution?
    a) Planting trees
    b) Improper disposal of plastic waste
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Improper disposal of plastic waste

90. What is the term for the process of generating electricity using heat from the Earth’s interior?
    a) Hydropower
    b) Wind energy
    c) Solar energy
    d) Geothermal energy
    Answer: d) Geothermal energy

91. Which of the following is a major cause of deforestation in tropical regions?
    a) Urbanization
    b) Agriculture expansion
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Agriculture expansion

92. What is the term for the process of reducing the amount of waste produced?
    a) Recycling
    b) Waste reduction
    c) Composting
    d) Incineration
    Answer: b) Waste reduction

93. Which of the following is a major cause of ozone layer depletion?
    a) Planting trees
    b) Release of CFCs
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Release of CFCs

94. What is the term for the process of converting waste into energy by burning it?
    a) Recycling
    b) Incineration
    c) Composting
    d) Landfilling
    Answer: b) Incineration

95. Which of the following is a major cause of eutrophication in water bodies?
    a) Planting trees
    b) Excessive use of fertilizers
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Excessive use of fertilizers

96. What is the term for the process of protecting and preserving natural resources?
    a) Conservation
    b) Exploitation
    c) Pollution
    d) Urbanization
    Answer: a) Conservation

97. Which of the following is a major cause of loss of biodiversity?
    a) Habitat destruction
    b) Planting trees
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: a) Habitat destruction

98. What is the term for the process of restoring degraded ecosystems?
    a) Conservation
    b) Restoration
    c) Exploitation
    d) Pollution
    Answer: b) Restoration

99. Which of the following is a major cause of climate change?
    a) Planting trees
    b) Burning fossil fuels
    c) Using renewable energy
    d) Recycling
    Answer: b) Burning fossil fuels

100. What is the term for the process of reducing the use of natural resources?
     a) Conservation
     b) Exploitation
     c) Pollution
     d) Urbanization
     Answer: a) Conservation

101. What is the term for the process by which societies become more complex and organized?
     a) Modernization
     b) Globalization
     c) Urbanization
     d) Industrialization
     Answer: a) Modernization

102. Which of the following is a characteristic of a patriarchal society?
     a) Female dominance
     b) Male dominance
     c) Equal rights for both genders
     d) No family structure
     Answer: b) Male dominance

103. What is the term for the process by which people move from rural areas to urban areas?
     a) Urbanization
     b) Modernization
     c) Globalization
     d) Industrialization
     Answer: a) Urbanization

104. Which of the following is an example of a social norm?
     a) Wearing clothes in public
     b) Eating food
     c) Sleeping at night
     d) Breathing air
     Answer: a) Wearing clothes in public

105. What is the term for the process by which individuals learn the norms and values of their society?
     a) Socialization
     b) Isolation
     c) Globalization
     d) Urbanization
     Answer: a) Socialization

106. Which of the following is a key feature of a communist society?
     a) Private ownership
     b) Collective ownership
     c) No ownership
     d) Government control
     Answer: b) Collective ownership

107. What is the primary purpose of religion in society?
     a) To create conflict
     b) To provide moral guidance
     c) To discourage community living
     d) To promote individualism
     Answer: b) To provide moral guidance

108. Which of the following is a characteristic of a post-industrial society?
     a) High levels of agricultural activity
     b) High levels of service sector activity
     c) Low levels of education
     d) Weak legal systems
     Answer: b) High levels of service sector activity

109. What is the term for the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities in society?
     a) Social equality
     b) Social stratification
     c) Social mobility
     d) Social integration
     Answer: b) Social stratification

110. Which of the following is an example of a tertiary social group?
     a) Family
     b) Friends
     c) Workplace
     d) Political party
     Answer: d) Political party

111. What is the term for the movement of individuals or groups within the social hierarchy?
     a) Social stratification
     b) Social mobility
     c) Social integration
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social mobility

112. Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional society?
     a) Rapid technological change
     b) Strong adherence to customs
     c) High levels of urbanization
     d) Weak family ties
     Answer: b) Strong adherence to customs

113. What is the term for the process by which societies become increasingly interconnected?
     a) Urbanization
     b) Globalization
     c) Industrialization
     d) Modernization
     Answer: b) Globalization

114. Which of the following is a key feature of a socialist society?
     a) Private ownership
     b) Collective ownership
     c) No ownership
     d) Government control
     Answer: b) Collective ownership

115. What is the term for the shared beliefs, values, and practices of a group?
     a) Culture
     b) Society
     c) Community
     d) Institution
     Answer: a) Culture

116. Which of the following is an example of a formal social institution?
     a) Family
     b) School
     c) Friends
     d) Neighbors
     Answer: b) School

117. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group?
     a) Assimilation
     b) Acculturation
     c) Integration
     d) Segregation
     Answer: a) Assimilation

118. Which of the following is a characteristic of a rural society?
     a) High population density
     b) Low population density
     c) High levels of industrialization
     d) High levels of urbanization
     Answer: b) Low population density

119. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are excluded from participating in society?
     a) Social integration
     b) Social exclusion
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social exclusion

120. Which of the following is a key feature of a democratic society?
     a) Authoritarian rule
     b) Free and fair elections
     c) No rule of law
     d) Limited freedom of speech
     Answer: b) Free and fair elections

121. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are integrated into society?
     a) Social exclusion
     b) Social integration
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social integration

122. Which of the following is an example of an informal social institution?
     a) School
     b) Family
     c) Government
     d) Workplace
     Answer: b) Family

123. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups adopt some aspects of another culture while retaining their own?
     a) Assimilation
     b) Acculturation
     c) Integration
     d) Segregation
     Answer: b) Acculturation

124. Which of the following is a characteristic of an urban society?
     a) Low population density
     b) High population density
     c) Low levels of industrialization
     d) Strong adherence to tradition
     Answer: b) High population density

125. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are separated from society?
     a) Social integration
     b) Social exclusion
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social exclusion

126. Which of the following is a key feature of a totalitarian society?
     a) Free and fair elections
     b) Authoritarian rule
     c) High levels of freedom
     d) Strong civil society
     Answer: b) Authoritarian rule

127. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are included in society?
     a) Social exclusion
     b) Social integration
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social integration

128. Which of the following is an example of a formal social institution?
     a) Family
     b) Friends
     c) Government
     d) Neighbors
     Answer: c) Government

129. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group while retaining their own?
     a) Assimilation
     b) Acculturation
     c) Integration
     d) Segregation
     Answer: b) Acculturation

130. Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional society?
     a) High levels of technological advancement
     b) Strong adherence to customs
     c) High levels of urbanization
     d) Weak family ties
     Answer: b) Strong adherence to customs

131. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are excluded from participating in society?
     a) Social integration
     b) Social exclusion
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social exclusion

132. Which of the following is a key feature of a democratic society?
     a) Authoritarian rule
     b) Free and fair elections
     c) No rule of law
     d) Limited freedom of speech
     Answer: b) Free and fair elections

133. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are integrated into society?
     a) Social exclusion
     b) Social integration
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social integration

134. Which of the following is an example of an informal social institution?
     a) School
     b) Family
     c) Government
     d) Workplace
     Answer: b) Family

135. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups adopt some aspects of another culture while retaining their own?
     a) Assimilation
     b) Acculturation
     c) Integration
     d) Segregation
     Answer: b) Acculturation

136. Which of the following is a characteristic of an urban society?
     a) Low population density
     b) High population density
     c) Low levels of industrialization
     d) Strong adherence to tradition
     Answer: b) High population density

137. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are separated from society?
     a) Social integration
     b) Social exclusion
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social exclusion

138. Which of the following is a key feature of a totalitarian society?
     a) Free and fair elections
     b) Authoritarian rule
     c) High levels of freedom
     d) Strong civil society
     Answer: b) Authoritarian rule

139. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are included in society?
     a) Social exclusion
     b) Social integration
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social integration

140. Which of the following is an example of a formal social institution?
     a) Family
     b) Friends
     c) Government
     d) Neighbors
     Answer: c) Government

141. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group while retaining their own?
     a) Assimilation
     b) Acculturation
     c) Integration
     d) Segregation
     Answer: b) Acculturation

142. Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional society?
     a) High levels of technological advancement
     b) Strong adherence to customs
     c) High levels of urbanization
     d) Weak family ties
     Answer: b) Strong adherence to customs

143. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are excluded from participating in society?
     a) Social integration
     b) Social exclusion
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social exclusion

144. Which of the following is a key feature of a democratic society?
     a) Authoritarian rule
     b) Free and fair elections
     c) No rule of law
     d) Limited freedom of speech
     Answer: b) Free and fair elections

145. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are integrated into society?
     a) Social exclusion
     b) Social integration
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social integration

146. Which of the following is an example of an informal social institution?
     a) School
     b) Family
     c) Government
     d) Workplace
     Answer: b) Family

147. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups adopt some aspects of another culture while retaining their own?
     a) Assimilation
     b) Acculturation
     c) Integration
     d) Segregation
     Answer: b) Acculturation

148. Which of the following is a characteristic of an urban society?
     a) Low population density
     b) High population density
     c) Low levels of industrialization
     d) Strong adherence to tradition
     Answer: b) High population density

149. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups are separated from society?
     a) Social integration
     b) Social exclusion
     c) Social mobility
     d) Socialization
     Answer: b) Social exclusion

150. Which of the following is a key feature of a totalitarian society?
     a) Free and fair elections
     b) Authoritarian rule
     c) High levels of freedom
     d) Strong civil society
     Answer: b) Authoritarian rule

Section 5: Environment (50 Questions)

151. What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?
     a) Wind
     b) Water
     c) Sun
     d) Geothermal heat
     Answer: c) Sun

152. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
     a) Coal
     b) Natural gas
     c) Solar energy
     d) Petroleum
     Answer: c) Solar energy

153. What is the term for the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem?
     a) Biodiversity
     b) Ecosystem
     c) Habitat
     d) Biome
     Answer: a) Biodiversity

154. Which of the following is a major cause of deforestation?
     a) Afforestation
     b) Urbanization
     c) Reforestation
     d) Conservation
     Answer: b) Urbanization

155. What is the term for the process by which fertile land becomes desert?
     a) Desertification
     b) Erosion
     c) Deforestation
     d) Afforestation
     Answer: a) Desertification

156. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
     a) Oxygen
     b) Nitrogen
     c) Carbon dioxide
     d) Argon
     Answer: c) Carbon dioxide

157. What is the term for the natural environment in which an organism lives?
     a) Ecosystem
     b) Habitat
     c) Biome
     d) Community
     Answer: b) Habitat

158. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
     a) Wind energy
     b) Solar energy
     c) Coal
     d) Hydropower
     Answer: c) Coal

159. What is the term for the process by which water is circulated through the environment?
     a) Water cycle
     b) Carbon cycle
     c) Nitrogen cycle
     d) Oxygen cycle
     Answer: a) Water cycle

160. Which of the following is a major cause of air pollution?
     a) Planting trees
     b) Burning fossil fuels
     c) Using renewable energy
     d) Recycling
     Answer: b) Burning fossil fuels

161. What is the term for the process by which plants make their own food?
     a) Photosynthesis
     b) Respiration
     c) Transpiration
     d) Decomposition
     Answer: a) Photosynthesis

162. Which of the following is a major cause of water pollution?
     a) Industrial waste
     b) Planting trees
     c) Using renewable energy
     d) Recycling
     Answer: a) Industrial waste

163. What is the term for the process by which carbon is cycled through the environment?
     a) Water cycle
     b) Carbon cycle
     c) Nitrogen cycle
     d) Oxygen cycle
     Answer: b) Carbon cycle

164. Which of the following is a major cause of soil erosion?
     a) Planting trees
     b) Deforestation
     c) Using renewable energy
     d) Recycling
     Answer: b) Deforestation

165. What is the term for the process by which nitrogen is cycled through the environment?
     a) Water cycle
     b) Carbon cycle
     c) Nitrogen cycle
     d) Oxygen cycle
     Answer: c) Nitrogen cycle

166. Which of the following is a major cause of climate change?
     a) Planting trees
     b) Burning fossil fuels
     c) Using renewable energy
     d) Recycling
     Answer: b) Burning fossil fuels

167. What is the term for the process by which oxygen is cycled through the environment?
     a) Water cycle
     b) Carbon cycle
     c) Nitrogen cycle
     d) Oxygen cycle
     Answer: d) Oxygen cycle

168. Which of the following is a major cause of biodiversity loss?
     a) Habitat destruction
     b) Planting trees
     c) Using renewable energy
     d) Recycling
     Answer: a) Habitat destruction

169. What is the term for the process by which dead organisms are broken down into simpler substances?
     a) Photosynthesis
     b) Respiration
     c) Transpiration
     d) Decomposition
     Answer: d) Decomposition

170. Which of the following is a major cause of ozone layer depletion?
     a) Planting trees
     b) Using renewable energy
     c) Release of CFCs
     d) Recycling
     Answer: c) Release of CFCs

171. What is the term for the process by which water is lost from plants through their leaves?
     a) Photosynthesis
     b) Respiration
     c) Transpiration
     d) Decomposition
     Answer: c) Transpiration

172. Which of the following is a major cause of acid rain?
     a) Planting trees
     b) Burning fossil fuels
     c) Using renewable energy
     d) Recycling
     Answer: b) Burning fossil fuels

173. What is the term for the process by which energy is transferred from one organism to another in an ecosystem?
     a) Food chain
     b) Food web
     c) Energy pyramid
     d) Nutrient cycle
     Answer: a) Food chain

174. Which of the following is a major cause of global warming?
     a) Planting trees
     b) Burning fossil fuels
     c) Using renewable energy
     d) Recycling
     Answer: b) Burning fossil fuels